JCB

The index of JCB's published governance documents, confirming which exist and which do not. It lists a Human Rights Policy, a Supplier Code of Conduct, a Modern Slavery Statement, a Section 172(1) Statement, a Child Labour Prevention statement, a Sustainability Strategy Document, a Tax Strategy, a Wellbeing, Health and Safety Policy Statement, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001 certificates and pension scheme documents. The JCB Dealer Charter and JCB Dealer Standards, which the Human Rights Policy says dealers must sign and which would show what JCB actually requires of Comasco, are not published here.

Establishes the current capability, in JCB's own words. LiveLink connects 'more than 580,000 machines worldwide and supporting over 40,000 customers' and monitors 'machine location, utilisation, fuel consumption, maintenance requirements and security', with configurable health alerts, maintenance notifications, geofencing and out-of-hours alerts to flag unauthorised use, and, on Hi-Viz Loadall models, remote adjustment of machine settings including speed limit controls and remote PIN management. JCB's position, as recorded by the Corporate Justice Coalition in 2023, is that the customer owns and controls the data.

Yvette Cooper told the House of Commons that the Government, with the Department for Business and Trade, had strengthened its business risk guidance to make clear that 'if you are a British citizen or business, you should not conduct any economic and financial activities in illegal Israeli settlements'. The statement also announced a fourth package of sanctions on settler networks, a request to the Charity Commission to investigate UK charities linked to illegal settlements, £1 million for mine clearance in Gaza and at least £10 million for the Palestinian Authority in 2026. JCB is a British business listed by the UN for supplying equipment that facilitates settlement construction.

Covers the year ended 31 December 2025 and is signed by chief executive Graeme Macdonald, confirming him in post. It records that 'JCB has a Human Rights Policy which demonstrates its commitment to respecting Human Rights and ensuring they are respected in our supply chain. This policy is incorporated into the Supplier Code of Conduct.' The due diligence architecture it describes runs entirely upstream: Tier 1 supplier management, new supplier audits requiring a visit to the supplier's premises, a Corporate Social Responsibility questionnaire, third-party ESG assessment of suppliers, contractual human rights clauses in JCB's terms and conditions of purchase, and a quarterly 'Supplier Risk' meeting. Dealers, distributors and the end use of machines are not mentioned. The complaint the UK NCP upheld was about the downstream side.

Company number 00561597, registered office Lakeside Works, Rocester, Uttoxeter, Staffordshire ST14 5JP; a wholly-owned subsidiary of J.C.B. Service, which holds 75% or more of the shares and votes. Turnover £4,878.8 million, down 8.5% from £5,331.2 million; operating profit £466.9 million; net cash generated from operating activities £605.2 million; net cash £265.1 million; research and development £91.7 million; dividend paid £655.0 million, against £547.5 million in 2023. The UK market fell 24% and Continental Europe 18% in 2024, while the Middle East grew 15%; no country-level breakdown is given. Political donations of £52,500 are disclosed: £25,000 to Conservative Central Office, £10,000 each to the Stoke Conservative Foundation and East Staffordshire Conservatives and £7,500 to Stratford on Avon Conservatives, each matching 2023. Directors: The Lord Bamford DL, Lady Bamford OBE, M J C Bamford, G A Macdonald and M W Turner. Signed by G A Macdonald on 1 June 2025. The Section 172(1) statement and the 'Business conduct' section refer to a code of conduct, a supplier code of conduct and a health and wellbeing policy, and make no reference to human rights. Next accounts are due by 30 September 2026.

J.C. Bamford Excavators Ltd. appears at entry 86 of Annex I, home State United Kingdom, for listed activities (a), 'the supply of equipment and materials facilitating the construction and the expansion of settlements and the wall and associated infrastructure', and (c), 'the supply of equipment for the demolition of housing and property, the destruction of agricultural farms, greenhouses, olive groves and crops'. Of the 158 businesses listed, only four carry activity (c): Comasco Ltd. at entry 37, E.T. Legal Services Ltd. at 50, JCB at 86 and Y.A.Z (Yaaz) at 151. JCB is the only one of them not headquartered in Israel. Comasco Ltd., JCB's Israeli dealer, is listed for the same two activities as JCB. Only two businesses in the whole annex have the United Kingdom as home State: Greenkote P.L.C. at entry 72 and JCB. Annex II removes seven businesses, among them Opodo Ltd., previously the third UK entry. OHCHR received 733 submissions naming 596 businesses and was able to review 215; non-listing means out of scope or not yet reviewed, never cleared.

The most directly relevant ruling for construction and demolition equipment. The International Court of Justice found Israel's continued presence in the occupied Palestinian territory unlawful, held that the maintenance and expansion of settlements and the construction of associated infrastructure including the wall amounted to annexation, and held settlements and their associated economic activity contrary to international law. It found all states under an obligation not to render aid or assistance in maintaining the situation created by Israel's illegal presence, and noted duties to abstain from economic or trade dealings concerning the occupied territory that entrench that presence.

The primary field record, valid to 18 June 2024. Records Comasco Ltd. as JCB's Israeli distributor and documents that the Israeli Ministry of Defence 'contracted Comasco in at least 13 contracts' between 2019 and 2021, 'in a total amount of NIS 1.56 million', for JCB equipment and maintenance services. Catalogues JCB machinery in demolitions of Palestinian homes, businesses and infrastructure across the occupied West Bank, occupied East Jerusalem and the Naqab from 2017 to 2024; in perimeter barrier and checkpoint construction; in settlement housing at Ma'ale Adumim, Har Homa and Alfei Menashe between 2009 and 2013; and in the Jerusalem Light Rail and Tel Aviv-Jerusalem railway projects. Categorises JCB under settlement enterprise, Israeli construction on occupied land, population control, specialised equipment and services, and the wall and checkpoints.

The clearest record of JCB's own account of itself. In a response to the authors dated 27 February 2023, JCB referred to the material it had given the UK NCP, confirming 'that all products it supplies to Israel are via a third-party independent distributor, Comasco', that 'there is an established second-hand market in Israel for its products' and that 'it is not possible to confirm whether machinery originated from Comasco or whether it was acquired second-hand'. CJC records that JCB's LiveLink technology 'can show the location of its machinery when being used in high-risk areas, including occupied territories', but that 'currently, JCB's customer owns and controls this data'. It cites Al-Haq's finding that JCB machinery was used for at least 70 of 281 demolitions in the occupied Palestinian territory recorded between 1 January and 31 October 2019, and it dates the LPHR submission to 10 December 2019. Its argument is that a UK Business, Human Rights and Environment Act would have made downstream due diligence a legal obligation rather than a recommendation.

The incident-level companion to JCB Off Track, plotting locations at which JCB machinery was recorded in demolitions and destruction of Palestinian property. This is the source to consult before attributing any individual demolition to a JCB machine; attribution should follow the map, not inference from the yellow livery.

Amnesty published a 92-page report, JCB Off Track, alongside an interactive digital map produced by its Crisis Evidence Lab 'showing dozens of specific incidents where JCB machinery was used in recent years to demolish residential and farm buildings belonging to Palestinians, to destroy water pipes and uproot large numbers of olive trees and other agricultural produce'. Amnesty's Crisis Evidence Lab verification of more than 100 photographs and videos across 56 incidents between 2011 and 2021 has been recorded on this profile since 2021. Amnesty records 673 Palestinian structures demolished in the first nine months of 2021 alone, displacing nearly 1,000 people. It notes that JCB's LiveLink diagnostic software allows equipment to be tracked and remotely decommissioned and that the company appeared reluctant to deploy it, and that Comasco holds Israeli Ministry of Defence service contracts for backhoe loader maintenance. Amnesty UK chief executive Sacha Deshmukh: JCB's 'distinctive yellow-and-black bulldozers are an ominous sign of their impending homelessness'.

The finding of a British government body about a British company, and the single most useful document on this page. The UK National Contact Point for the OECD Guidelines concluded that JCB 'did not fully observe the Guidelines under paragraph 4 of Chapter IV by not having a policy commitment to respect human rights' and 'did not observe its obligations under paragraph 5 of Chapter IV by not carrying out human rights due diligence in its supply chain'. It did not uphold the allegation under paragraph 3, finding that 'the alleged adverse human rights activities as depicted in the photographs and videos cannot be conclusively linked to JCB because of their business relationship with Comasco'. On JCB's defence it was blunt: the company's response 'that as it has no control over its products once they have been sold to Comasco and that they are not responsible for the adverse human rights impact caused by their products does not reflect the spirit of the OECD Guidelines on Responsible Business Conduct'. It recommended JCB write a human rights policy statement separate from its Modern Slavery Statement, Supplier's Code of Conduct and Dealer's Charter, and carry out human rights due diligence with a plan for acting on the findings. It stated that it would issue a follow-up report one year after publication.

The publication page for the case, and the source that fixes its date. As at 7 August 2026 it lists two documents and no others: the Initial Assessment of 12 October 2020 and the Final Statement, which the case page dates 11 November 2021 and which the statement itself records "was published on 12 November 2021". The page was last updated on 12 November 2021, and that publication date is the one used throughout this profile and on the Comasco profile. The follow-up report the NCP said it would issue one year after publication does not appear here.

The complainant's account of the outcome. Lawyers for Palestinian Human Rights brought the complaint to the UK NCP and records that JCB products were involved in at least 60 of 266 demolitions in a single year.

The policy the UK NCP told JCB to write, now published on the company's corporate statements page and signed by Max Jeffery, JCB Group HR Director. It carries no date. It applies 'throughout our business operations including our supply chains and sales operations' and states that 'JCB expects all its suppliers and dealers to respect and adhere to JCB's Human Rights policy'; that all new suppliers and dealers 'are subject to appropriate due diligence processes before appointment' and must sign the JCB Supplier Code of Conduct or JCB Dealer Charter; that 'due diligence is an on-going process'; and that JCB 'reserves the right to terminate any commercial relationship with any supplier or dealer where there is clear evidence of a failure on their part to comply with the terms of this policy'. The seven rights it enumerates are freedom from discrimination, equality between men and women, freedom from slavery, freedom of children from exploitation, privacy, just and favourable conditions at work, and freedom of association. All are workplace and labour rights. The policy makes no reference to the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, to the OECD Guidelines, to conflict-affected or high-risk areas, to forced eviction or the destruction of property, or to the use of a machine after it is sold. Operation of the policy is assigned to the Group HR Director with the group directors for Purchasing and Dealer Development, and it is reviewed annually.