Leonardo SpA
Leonardo is Italy's largest arms manufacturer, and the Italian state is its largest shareholder. It makes the 76mm main gun fitted to Israel's Sa'ar warships, and the jet and helicopter trainers on which the Israeli Air Force runs its pilot course. A UN investigator named the company four times in a June 2025 report on the economy of the genocide in Gaza. Leonardo told its own shareholders in 2026 that it kept shipping spare parts for those naval guns after October 2023.
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- Contact Corporate LeadershipPre-filled letter templates for email or post. Write to each recipient separately
- Report New IntelligenceItalian export licence records, M-346 support invoices and DRS RADA customer lists are the biggest gaps in this profile
- Share This ProfileShare with pension, procurement and arms control contacts
- View Strategic AnalysisWhat the company admitted to its own shareholders in 2026
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Leonardo shipped spare parts and equipment for the 76/62 naval gun to Israel after 7 October 2023, worth about EUR 465,000, under licences issued before Italy's arms authorisation unit stopped granting new ones. Those guns arm the Sa'ar warships enforcing the blockade of Gaza. On 19 July 2024 the International Court of Justice held Israel's continued presence in the occupied Palestinian territory unlawful, and on 16 September 2025 the UN Commission of Inquiry concluded that genocide is being committed in Gaza.
The Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance held 30.204% of the share capital at 31 December 2025 and institutional investors 50.8%, so more of Leonardo is fund money answering to trustees than is state money. Revenue was EUR 19.5 billion in 2025 and the order backlog about EUR 59 billion by mid-2026. Leonardo told shareholders it can suspend any order without penalty where Italy or the EU imposes a suspension, and that it has paid none.
Leonardo publishes written answers to shareholder questions ahead of its annual meeting. In 2026 it answered a block of them on Israel, confirming the naval gun contract, the shipments after October 2023 and the M-346 support contracts still running. Its chief executive issued a public rebuttal of the accusations in September 2025. The company presents itself as a lead company of the UN Global Compact and publishes a policy on human rights.
DRS RADA Technologies, a wholly owned engineering and manufacturing business at Netanya in Israel, sits inside Leonardo DRS, and the group's 2025 report lists a second Israeli site at Beit She'an. Leonardo DRS made $3.6 billion of revenue in 2025 and drew 80% of it from the US government, which requires a proxy agreement to contain Italian state influence over classified work. Its radars go into an Israeli active protection system.
Strategic Analysis
In-depth assessment of the company's position, vulnerabilities, and recommended approaches for effective engagement.
High severity, lower vulnerability — requires long-term divestment pressure
Severity
8.0/10
(7 + 9) ÷ 2 = 8.0
Strategic Vulnerability
5.5/10
(5 + 6) ÷ 2 = 5.5
Learn about our methodology — companies are categorised based on severity (harm potential) vs strategic vulnerability (campaign leverage).
Why do these scores change?
Unlike static boycott lists, our targeting model is dynamic. This company's position on the matrix is re-evaluated continually as we verify new contracts, divestments, or policy changes. Your reporting directly impacts this score.
Leonardo makes the 76mm gun on Israel's Sa'ar warships and the aircraft the Israeli Air Force trains its pilots on. Who Profits records those ships being used for military assaults and to enforce the blockade of Gaza. A UN investigator, the Special Rapporteur on the occupied Palestinian territory, names Leonardo four times in a report of 30 June 2025. One naming is for RADA, the Israeli radar maker Leonardo owns, listed among the partners through which Israel turned the Caterpillar D9 bulldozer into remote-commanded weaponry used in killing Palestinians (sources). Leonardo confirmed to its own shareholders in 2026 that it shipped spare parts for those naval guns after 7 October 2023. It also told them it can stop any order without penalty once Italy or the EU suspends transfers, and the Italian state is its largest shareholder.
Key Leverage Points
- Gaza is shelled from the sea with Leonardo's gun, and Leonardo kept it serviced. Naval Technology published an Israeli military photograph of a Sa'ar 6 firing its main gun at targets in Gaza in October 2023, and Leonardo told shareholders it shipped spares for that gun afterwards. Italy's licensing unit stopped issuing new licences but left the old ones running. Write to Italy's foreign ministry, which runs it, and ask for those to be revoked.
- Leonardo has said in writing that a government ban costs it nothing. Asked how it could suspend orders to a country that enters a conflict, it answered that where Italian or European law imposes suspensions or sanctions it may suspend any order without penalty, and has paid none. Send that answer to your foreign ministry, to MEPs pressing for an EU arms embargo, and to Italian parliamentarians.
- One share buys a written answer the company has to publish. Anyone with voting rights may put questions before Leonardo's annual meeting, and it must publish answers three days beforehand. The 2026 deadline was 27 April; the address is assemblea@pec.leonardo.com. The naval gun admissions on this page came out that way. Buy a share, ask, and publish the reply.
- Half the register is fund money. Ask which fund holds yours. Italy's Ministry of Economy and Finance held 30.2% at the end of 2025 and institutional investors 50.8%, so funds own more of Leonardo than the state does. Ask your provider whether it holds the stock, through which manager, and what it did after June 2025.
- The Israeli factory sits inside a Nasdaq company with its own board. Leonardo DRS, 71% owned by Leonardo, wholly owns DRS RADA Technologies at Netanya and takes 80% of its revenue from the US government. Ask American procurement offices, and the funds holding DRS stock, what Netanya builds.
Documented Impact
Leonardo told its 2026 shareholders' meeting that it signed a contract with the Israeli Ministry of Defense in 2019 for 76/62 Super Rapid naval gun systems with spare parts, equipment and training, and completed delivery in May 2023. Who Profits and AFSC Investigate record an earlier order placed through the US Navy in 2016, the last four guns of which reached Israel in 2022 for about $100 million. The guns arm the Sa'ar 4.5, Sa'ar 5 and Sa'ar 6 classes. After 7 October 2023 and into 2024 Leonardo shipped further spare parts and equipment for the system, worth about EUR 465,000, of which EUR 227,000 went under warranty (timeline).
Italy's arms authorisation unit stopped granting new authorisations and export licences after 7 October 2023, so no new contracts can be signed. Leonardo says supply contracts for the M-346 remain in execution under licences issued before that block, and that those licences are still in force. Israel bought 30 M-346 trainers in 2012, in a reciprocal deal under which Italy bought early-warning aircraft and a satellite from Israel Aerospace Industries, and seven AW119Kx helicopters in 2019 with twenty years of flight-school support.
Leonardo DRS bought RADA Electronic Industries outright in November 2022. The business is now DRS RADA Technologies at Netanya, and the 2025 report lists a second Israeli site at Beit She'an. Who Profits records RADA's compact hemispheric radars going into Elbit Systems' Iron Fist protection system, fitted to Eitan armoured personnel carriers and Caterpillar D9 bulldozers, which entered operational use during the ground invasion of Gaza. The Special Rapporteur also names Leonardo in the F-35 supply chain; Leonardo told shareholders it exports no armaments to Israel under that programme, and that the wing assemblies built at Cameri go to third countries rather than Israel.
Engagement Strategy
Four audiences, and a different ask for each.
- Governments and legislators. Ask Italy to revoke the licences still running, and press for an EU-wide suspension; Leonardo says a suspension in law lets it stop orders without penalty.
- Shareholders and pension funds. Submit written questions before the annual meeting, and ask managers holding the stock what they did after June 2025.
- Defence and civil customers. Ask the ministries and operators buying Leonardo helicopters, trainers and electronics to put the Israeli business to their supplier in writing.
- Universities. Leonardo is a partner in the University Defence Research Collaboration led by Edinburgh; ask staff and students there what the partnership covers.
Evidence & Sources
Verified sources including NGO reports, regulatory filings, and primary documents. Use these to substantiate your correspondence. Entries marked First-hand were reported directly to this site and are published without identifying the source.
The UN Special Rapporteur's report of 30 June 2025 cites this page for its statement that the University of Edinburgh partners with firms aiding Israeli military operations, including Leonardo. The page lists Leonardo among the collaboration's partners, alongside Thales, QinetiQ, BAE Systems, MBDA and others, and records that the collaboration is delivered in partnership between the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, the University of Edinburgh, Heriot-Watt University, Queen's University Belfast and the University of Strathclyde.
Open sourceThe company's own management page names Francesco Macri as Chairman, Lorenzo Mariani as Chief Executive Officer and General Manager, and Gian Piero Cutillo as Co-General Manager. Mariani's biography records that he has held the role since 7 May 2026, having come from MBDA, where he was Executive Group Director for Sales and Business Development and managing director of MBDA Italia, and having earlier been Leonardo's Co-General Manager and head of its Land and Naval Defence Electronics Division.
Open sourceNew orders of EUR 16 billion, up 45% year on year; revenues of EUR 10 billion, up 12%; EBITA of EUR 780 million; order backlog risen to about EUR 59 billion, up 30%, partly through the acquisition of Iveco Group's defence business completed on 18 March 2026 for about EUR 1.6 billion. The board met under the chairmanship of Francesco Macri, and the results are quoted to Lorenzo Mariani as chief executive officer and general manager.
Open sourceLeonardo's own published answers to written questions submitted under Italian law before its annual meeting. On the naval guns it says a contract for 76/62 Super Rapid Multi-Feeding systems, with spare parts, equipment and training, was signed with the Israeli Ministry of Defense in 2019, that export licences were duly obtained, and that deliveries were completed in May 2023 apart from a training gun that was never delivered. It says it has no knowledge of the $440 million order approved by the United States in 2017 that the questioner referred to. Asked whether it supplied technical assistance, maintenance, spares, software updates, training or logistics for the 76/62 guns after 7 October 2023, it answers that up to 2024 it shipped spare parts and equipment for the system in fulfilment of obligations already assumed and under licences issued before the block on new export authorisations, 'con un valore totale di circa 465.000 euro di cui 227.000 euro in conto garanzia' - a total value of about EUR 465,000, of which EUR 227,000 under warranty. On the M-346 it says the foreign ministry's arms authorisation unit, UAMA, suspended the issue of new authorisations to negotiate and new export licences after 7 October 2023, so no new contracts can be signed, but that supply contracts for materials and services relating to the aircraft are in execution and the export licences for them remain in force. Asked how it could suspend orders to a country that has entered a conflict, it says that where the country is subject to suspensions or sanctions by the Italian or European legislator, 'Leonardo potra sospendere qualunque ordine senza penali' - Leonardo may suspend any order without penalties - and that no payment of penalties is recorded. It says it exports no armaments to Israel under the F-35 programme, and that wing assemblies and maintenance services produced at Cameri under contracts with Lockheed Martin are destined by Lockheed to third countries but not to the State of Israel. On MBDA, in which it holds 25%, it says dividends cannot be attributed to individual products, and that total dividends received through AMSH BV were EUR 102 million in 2024 and EUR 209 million in 2025; asked about MBDA Inc's contract with Boeing for components of the GBU-39 guided bomb, it answers that no knowledge of that contract is recorded.
Open sourceSets out the mechanisms any shareholder can use. Under Article 127-ter of Legislative Decree 58/98, anyone with voting rights may submit questions on the items of the agenda before the meeting; questions must reach the company by the seventh trading day beforehand, which for 2026 was 27 April, sent by fax or to the certified address assemblea@pec.leonardo.com, with certification of share ownership at the record date. The company undertakes to publish its answers on its website at least three days before the meeting. Shareholders representing at least one fortieth of the share capital may request additions to the agenda or submit additional resolution proposals, and individual resolution proposals on items already on the agenda could be submitted by 22 April 2026.
Open sourceThe group's own annual report. It states that at 31 December 2025 the Ministry of Economy and Finance owned around 30.204% of the share capital, with institutional investors holding 50.8%, retail investors 18.8% and company-related holdings 0.2%. The Defence Electronics and Security division lists Israel among its main countries, alongside Italy, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Canada and France, and lists MBDA at 25% and Hensoldt at 22.8% among investees of strategic and financial importance. The list of consolidated companies records DRS RADA Technologies Ltd of Netanya, Israel, wholly owned by Leonardo DRS Inc and held at 71.38% by the group. The financial statements are certified by Roberto Cingolani as chief executive and Giuseppe Aurilio as officer in charge of financial reporting.
Open sourceNew orders of EUR 23.8 billion, up 15%; revenues of EUR 19.5 billion, up 11%; EBITA of EUR 1.75 billion; net result of EUR 1.3 billion; free operating cash flow of EUR 1.0 billion; a proposed dividend of EUR 0.63 per share. Guidance for 2026 is about EUR 25 billion of orders and EUR 21 billion of revenues. The board met under the chairmanship of Stefano Pontecorvo, before the board renewal of May 2026.
Open sourceThe subsidiary's own annual report. Revenues of $3,648 million, against $3,234 million in 2024 and $2,826 million in 2023. Eighty per cent of 2025 revenue came directly or indirectly from the US government. It states: 'We conduct significant business and manufacturing activities in Israel', and warns that conflict in the region could disrupt its Israeli operations. Its property schedule lists engineering and office space at Netanya, Israel, of 40,238 square feet, and manufacturing, engineering and office space at Beit She'an. It records that Leonardo S.p.A. owns the entire share capital of Leonardo US Holding, which holds approximately 71% of the voting power of DRS common stock, and that the Italian state beneficially owns approximately 30.2% of Leonardo S.p.A.'s voting power, which has led US regulators to treat DRS as controlled by a foreign government and to require a proxy agreement with the Department of War. The cover page and Item 5 record the stock as listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market alone.
Open sourceLeonardo is one of the 104 businesses screened by the European coalition, whose research is carried out by Profundo and whose foreword is by Francesca Albanese. The report identifies 1,115 European financial institutions with relationships to those businesses, USD 310 billion in loans and underwriting between January 2023 and August 2025, and USD 1,503 billion in shares and bonds held at 31 August 2025. The BDS National Committee also lists Leonardo among its non-Israeli institutional-pressure targets in the military and security category, which is a divestment and exclusion listing rather than a consumer boycott call.
Open sourceThe Commission concluded that Israel has committed genocide against Palestinians in the Gaza Strip, finding that four of the five acts of genocide defined in the Genocide Convention were committed. The finding is confined to Gaza and covers 7 October 2023 to 31 July 2025.
Open sourceFrancesca Albanese's report names Leonardo four times. It names 'Italian manufacturer Leonardo S.p.A' among the at least 1,650 companies in the F-35 programme led by Lockheed Martin, from which Israel draws the aerial power described in the report. It records that in partnership with companies including 'Leonardo DRS, Inc.-owned RADA Electronic Industries', Israel 'has evolved Caterpillar's D9 bulldozer into automated, remote-commanded core weaponry of the military', deployed in almost every military activity since 2000, 'clearing incursion lines, "neutralizing" the territory and killing Palestinians'. It records that BNP Paribas provided $410 million in loans to Leonardo between 2021 and 2023, and that Barclays provided $228 million in 2024. It records the University of Edinburgh partnering with 'firms aiding Israeli military operations, including Leonardo S.p.A.' The report is illustrative rather than exhaustive, and names entities without making findings of guilt.
Open sourceThe Israeli-based research centre lists Leonardo under Population Control, in the sub-category Specialized Equipment and Services, with the region tagged Gaza. It records that Leonardo manufactures the OTO 76/62 Super Rapido Multi-Feeding naval gun installed on the Israeli Navy's Sa'ar 4.5, Sa'ar 5 and Sa'ar 6 warships, 'which have been used for military assaults and enforcing the illegal naval blockade of Gaza'. It records four 76/62 guns delivered in September 2022 for the Sa'ar 6 ships, which 'later took part in an Israeli attack on Gaza in October 2023, in their first operational use', carried out from the Mediterranean toward Gaza; the guns were ordered in 2016 for an estimated $100 million, funded by US foreign military aid. It records that 'according to the Israeli military, by May 2024 the 76/62 cannons had become an active part of the military's attacks'. It records that RADA Electronic Industries, wholly owned by Leonardo, supplies its Compact Hemispheric Radars for Elbit Systems' Iron Fist system, used on the Eitan armoured personnel carrier and on Caterpillar D9 bulldozers which took part in the ground invasion of Gaza, the system entering operational use during that invasion in October 2023. It records a $15.37 million contract awarded to Leonardo's DRS Sustainment Systems in December 2023 for heavy-duty tank trailers for the Israeli military, funded by US Foreign Military Sales and estimated for completion in December 2026. It puts the 2012 purchase of 30 M-346 aircraft at $2 billion, records the reciprocal deal under which Italy bought two early-warning aircraft and an observation satellite from Israel Aerospace Industries, and records the February 2019 order of seven AW119Kx helicopters at about $157 million with twenty years of support for the Israeli Air Force flight school. All information on the page is stated as valid until 14/01/2025.
Open sourceThe International Court of Justice found Israel's continued presence in the occupied Palestinian territory unlawful and set out the obligations of states in relation to trade and dealings arising from it. The legal framework on which export licence suspensions and procurement exclusions rest.
Open sourceThe American Friends Service Committee places Leonardo on its BDS Divestment Shortlist, tagged Gaza Genocide and Weapons and Military Equipment, and describes it as 'an Italian weapons manufacturer that provides the Israeli Navy with warship guns'. It records the Ministry of Economy and Finance owning 30% of the company, and the OTO Melara 76/62 Super Rapid guns installed on Sa'ar 4.5, Sa'ar 5 and Sa'ar 6 warships. It records that the Sa'ar 6 'was used operationally for the first time on Oct. 16, 2023, during Israel's massive attacks on Gaza', and that the Sa'ar fleet 'has been instrumental in enforcing Israel's naval blockade of the Gaza Strip since 2007'. It records the guns being ordered for Israel by the US Navy in 2016 through Foreign Military Sales, manufactured at Leonardo's factory in Largo, Florida, with the last four in the order, worth $100 million, arriving in Israel in 2022. It puts the 2012 M-346 deal at some $1 billion and records the AW119Kx helicopters as manufactured at Leonardo's Philadelphia facility. Page stated as valid as of 30 January 2024.
Open sourceThe International Court of Justice found a real and imminent risk to the right of Palestinians in Gaza to be protected from acts of genocide, and ordered Israel to prevent them. The order makes no finding on the merits, which remain pending, but it establishes a duty of prevention that suppliers of weapon systems cannot claim ignorance of.
Open sourceReports the Israeli Navy using its Sa'ar 6 corvettes against ground targets in the Gaza Strip as ground troops assembled. The article carries a photograph credited to the Israeli Defense Forces, captioned 'An Israeli Navy Sa'ar 6 corvette pictured firing its main gun system towards targets in the Gaza Strip.' The main gun on the class is Leonardo's Oto Melara 76mm Super Rapid.
Open sourceLeonardo DRS announced completion of the all-stock merger with RADA Electronic Industries Ltd on 28 November 2022. RADA shareholders retained 19.5% of the combined company and Leonardo S.p.A. the remaining 80.5%. The announcement states that the stock would be listed on Nasdaq and the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange under the symbol DRS, with Nasdaq trading opening on 29 November 2022 and Tel Aviv trading on 30 November. The Tel Aviv listing is recorded in the company's Form 10-K for 2022; the annual reports for 2023 and every year since record Nasdaq alone.
Open sourceA project profile of the four Sa'ar 6 warships built for the Israeli Navy by ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems at Kiel, based on the German MEKO 100 design, ordered in 2015 at an estimated $480 million with a German government subsidy. It records that the forward bow section is fitted with 'an Oto Melara 76mm Super Rapid gun mount, which offers a high rate of fire against air and surface targets', alongside C-Dome point defence, anti-ship missiles, torpedo launchers and Rafael Typhoon remote weapon stations. The page establishes the armament fit; the delivery dates and contract values for the guns come from Who Profits and AFSC Investigate.
Open sourceUpdates & Milestones
- Shareholders are answered, and the board changes
Days before the annual meeting Leonardo publishes written answers to shareholder questions, confirming the naval gun contract, the shipments after 7 October 2023, the M-346 support contracts still running under old licences, and its position that it may suspend any order without penalty once Italy or the EU imposes a suspension. At the meeting the board is renewed: Lorenzo Mariani becomes chief executive and general manager and Francesco Macri chairman.
- Record year reported
The board approves 2025 results: new orders of EUR 23.8 billion, revenues of EUR 19.5 billion, EBITA of EUR 1.75 billion and a dividend raised 21%. Guidance for 2026 is about EUR 21 billion of revenues.
- Chief executive rebuts the accusations publicly
Leonardo issues a press release in which the then chief executive Roberto Cingolani rejects accusations of selling arms to Israel and of complicity in the assault on Gaza, stressing that the company has not been authorised to export to Israel since the conflict began. Shareholders put the statement back to the company at the 2026 meeting.
- UN Commission of Inquiry finds genocide in Gaza
The UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry concludes that Israel has committed genocide against Palestinians in the Gaza Strip, finding four of the five acts defined in the Genocide Convention committed.
- The UN Special Rapporteur names Leonardo
Francesca Albanese's report names Leonardo among the companies in the F-35 supply chain, names Leonardo DRS-owned RADA among the partners through which Israel turned the Caterpillar D9 bulldozer into remote-commanded weaponry used in killing Palestinians, records BNP Paribas and Barclays lending to the company, and names the University of Edinburgh's partnership with it.
- Israeli military calls the guns an active part of its attacks
Who Profits records that, according to the Israeli military, by May 2024 the 76/62 cannons had become an active part of the military's attacks. The gun fires over 100 rounds a minute and carries a fire control system able to guide the projectile onto small and distant targets.
- Spare parts shipped after 7 October
Leonardo told its 2026 shareholders' meeting that after 7 October 2023 and up to 2024 it shipped spare parts and equipment for the 76/62 naval gun system, under obligations already assumed and licences issued before the block on new authorisations, worth about EUR 465,000, of which EUR 227,000 went under warranty.
- Tank trailers for the Israeli military
Leonardo's DRS Sustainment Systems is awarded a $15.37 million firm-fixed-price contract for heavy-duty tank trailers for the Israeli military, funded through US Foreign Military Sales, with completion estimated for December 2026.
- Iron Fist enters use, and Italy stops new licences
Elbit Systems' Iron Fist active protection system, which uses RADA's compact hemispheric radars, enters operational use during the ground invasion of Gaza on Eitan armoured personnel carriers and Caterpillar D9 bulldozers. In the same period Italy's arms authorisation unit UAMA suspends the issue of new authorisations to negotiate and new export licences.
- Sa'ar 6 fires its main gun at Gaza
Naval Technology reports Israeli Navy Sa'ar 6 corvettes striking ground targets in the Gaza Strip, publishing an Israeli military photograph of a Sa'ar 6 firing its main gun towards targets in Gaza. Who Profits records this as the first operational use of the guns delivered in 2022, in an attack carried out from the Mediterranean.
- Trainer to be turned into an attack aircraft
Leonardo announces it will upgrade the Israeli Air Force's M-346 'Lavi' into a light combat aircraft by fitting a 20mm cannon, giving improved air-to-air and air-to-ground capability. In the same month it contracts with the Israeli Ministry of Defense for tactical vehicle radar systems worth about NIS 8 million.
- Naval gun deliveries completed
Leonardo later told shareholders that deliveries under the 2019 contract were completed in May 2023, apart from a training gun that was never delivered.
- Leonardo buys the Israeli radar maker RADA
Leonardo DRS completes an all-stock merger with RADA Electronic Industries. RADA shareholders keep 19.5% and Leonardo takes 80.5%. The stock lists on Nasdaq and, until 2023, on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. The Israeli business is now DRS RADA Technologies at Netanya.
- Four guns delivered for the Sa'ar 6 ships
Who Profits records four 76/62 naval guns delivered and installed on the Israeli Navy's Sa'ar 6 warships, from an order placed in 2016 at an estimated $100 million funded by US foreign military aid. AFSC Investigate records the guns being made at Leonardo's factory in Largo, Florida.
- Naval gun contract signed with the Israeli Ministry of Defense
Leonardo signs a contract with the Israeli Ministry of Defense for 76/62 Super Rapid Multi-Feeding naval gun systems, with spare parts, equipment and training. The company later told shareholders the export licences were duly obtained.
- Seven training helicopters and a flight school
Leonardo is contracted to supply seven AW119Kx helicopters for about $157 million, with simulators, new buildings and twenty years of support for the Israeli Air Force flight school. Elbit Systems is subcontracted for maintenance over the same period.
- First 'Lavi' delivered
The first M-346 reaches the Israeli Ministry of Defense and the Israeli Air Force flies it that August. The aircraft trains fighter pilots in the advanced stage of the pilot course, in air combat, strike flights and deep operational strikes.
- Israel buys 30 M-346 jet trainers
The Israeli Ministry of Defense buys 30 Aermacchi M-346 advanced trainers, later named 'Lavi', in a reciprocal deal under which Italy's defence ministry buys two early-warning aircraft and an observation satellite from Israel Aerospace Industries. Elbit Systems takes the maintenance and ground training work.